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Fundamentals Of Nutrition
from:The food that you eat determines your health and the functions of your body. The basics of nutrition comprise of what nutrients each type of food provides to the body. It’s obvious that for a healthy body, the food that we eat should be nutritious and should have all the essential elements in the correct proportion. The basic concept of nutrition is, therefore, the study of these elements of nutrition and their effects on the functions of the body.
The main ingredients of the human body are food, water, air and light. Toxins are also present in the body but they are harmful components. The elements of the food that we eat have different effects on our body functions and if we can understand the effects of each element, we can choose a lifestyle and a diet that could be more beneficial for our health. Nutrition studies are basically aimed at this understanding and choice.
Basic Components Of Food
Apart from water, the basic components of food are proteins, fats and carbohydrates. All these components are essential for our body requirements but in varying degrees. For normal nutrition, you should take food that contains 20% fats, 30% proteins and 50% carbohydrates.
Proteins
Proteins are basically built up with twenty different amino acids. The food for adults should contain proteins with at least eight amino acids whereas the food for children should have proteins with at least ten amino acids. Proteins are absolutely essential for a healthy growth of the human body.
Fats
There are two types of fats which are high quality essential fats and low quality harmful fats. The essential fats are necessary for some body processes. They are found in foods such as fresh nuts, avocados, flax seeds, and in certain types of fish. The non essential and harmful saturated fats and trans-fats are found in processed foods and red meat.
Essential fats are necessary for dealing with inflammation and for some other body functions. Many important structures of the body are built through these essential fats. More than half the mass of a healthy brain is made out of such essential, saturated fats.
Carbohydrates
An important part of nutrition is carbohydrates in the food that we eat. The basic function of carbohydrates is to provide energy to the body which is produced by the metabolism process. Carbohydrates also provide fiber to the body and are very helpful for waste elimination but do not contribute much to other normal body functions. The best sources of carbohydrates are fruits and vegetables which also provide different amounts of fiber. Whole grains are good sources of beneficial carbohydrates and also of fibers. On the other hand, refined grains provide carbohydrates that are not so beneficial for the body and if taken in excess, these carbohydrates can harm the body and lead to weight gain, diabetes and heart ailments.
All the above components of food need to be taken in optimum amounts so that they provide the correct amount of nutrition to the body.
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